三位一体支援モデルの理論的位置づけと操作的定義の方法論的基盤：諸国・諸理論からの比較分析（2026 時点）

Abstract

The "trinity support model" articulated by Nobuo Matsui within the Japanese vocational rehabilitation tradition proposes that effective workplace support for people with disabilities requires the simultaneous engagement of the worker, the support specialist, and the employer—and that the quality of this triangular relationship determines outcomes. The model has been institutionally influential in Japan but lacks a widely-shared operational definition that would enable fidelity measurement, cross-program comparison, or international dialogue. This paper does not propose a definitive operational definition of Matsui's model. Instead, it provides the methodological foundation for one by (a) systematically comparing the trinity support model against ten internationally established or widely-discussed support frameworks—Individual Placement and Support (IPS), Choose-Get-Keep, Place-Train-Maintain, Customized Employment, the Job Coach Model and its evolution toward natural supports, the Wraparound Model, the Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) framework, the Tripartite Model of Program Evaluation, the Triadic Therapeutic Alliance, and CRPD Article 27 / reasonable accommodation jurisprudence; (b) proposing a five-axis comparative taxonomy (Stakeholder Structure × Support Duration × Fidelity Operationalizability × Voice Allocation × Cultural-Institutional Context); (c) articulating preliminary necessary and sufficient condition candidates for what constitutes versus does not constitute "trinity-style" support; and (d) cataloguing four methodological approaches to operational definition (Delphi-like consensus, natural-variation contrast, existing-instrument recombination, and stakeholder co-design workshops) with their respective scopes of validity. The paper explicitly maintains the principle of expert and stakeholder validation: any operational definition advanced from this comparative substrate must be reviewed and amendable by Matsui-sensei and by people with disabilities themselves before being claimed as a definition of "trinity support" specifically.

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